Shared deficits in space, time, and quantity processing in childhood genetic disorders

Carmelo M Vicario,Mark J Yates,Michael E R Nicholls

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00043

Carmelo M Vicario, Mark J Yates + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00043

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Abstract

Shared deficits in space, time, and quantity processing in childhood genetic disorders

Highlights

In addition to mathematical deficits, these genetic conditions affect a broad range of cognitive abilities relating to the perception and processing of space and time
Abnormalities in spatio-temporal visual processing have been reported in childhood Fragile X syndrome
Farzin et al (2011) have demonstrated a drastically reduced resolution of temporal visual attention in this syndrome, which was directly linked to the extent of the genetic trinucleotide repeat mutation in the FMR1 gene

Summary

Introduction

While lesion (Critchley, 1953; Oliveri et al, 2009), neuroimaging (Dehaene et al, 1998; Rao et al, 2001) and cognitive research (Fischer et al, 2003; Vicario et al, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011; Loetscher et al, 2008; Loftus et al, 2008; Oliveri et al, 2009; Renzi et al, 2011; Vicario, 2011, 2012; see Bonato et al, 2012 for a complete review) can be used to support the ATOM model, genetic conditions, such as Turner syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, and Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome have received relatively little attention. Children with Fragile X syndrome have more difficulties than their peers on aspects of applied counting, such as the ability to enumerate (e.g., one-to-one correspondence) and the identification of the nth item in a set (Murphy et al, 2006). Individuals with Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are significantly slower at counting the number of elements in a set and perform more poorly than control participants on a number comparison task (De Smedt et al, 2006, 2009).

Results

Conclusion