Shapes and sizes of web opening effects on bending behaviour of I-beam with web opening

Abstract

The section subjected to bending behaviour have more strength major axis where the loads are applied compare to minor axis. This is occurred when the deformation of a section changes from predominantly in-plane deflection before large deflection and yielding of section. This paper developed non-linear finite element analysis to analyze the effects of the web opening on the simply supported section under pure bending. Five shapes of web opening are analyzed, which are c-hexagon, hexagon, octagon, circle and square opening. Three sizes of web opening involved; 0.67D equaled to 134 mm diameter, 0.75D equaled to 150 mm diameter and 0.80D equaled to 160 mm diameter, where D is depth of section. It is found that, the optimum size in this study is 0.67D due to the lower values of the displacement value compared with 0.75D and 0.80D. Meanwhile, Model 2 is classified as the optimum model because the value of displacement is lower than model 1. It is found that c-hexagon has the lowest displacement value compare to other web opening shapes. Besides that, when the opening becomes more contrast in web shape such as square opening, the displacement values decreased. This is because the area of web opening becomes larger when it is compared to another web opening. However, I-beam which acts as control section had the lower displacement value compare to c-hexagon.