Abstract
Zinc nanostructures (ZnONSs) have attracted much attention due to their morphological, physicochemical, and electrical properties, which were entailed for various biomedical applications such as cancer and diabetes treatment, anti-inflammatory activity, drug delivery. ZnONS play an important role in inducing cellular apoptosis, triggering excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and releasing zinc ions due to their inherent nature and specific shape. Therefore, several new synthetic organometallic method has been developed to prepare ZnO crystalline nanostructures with controlled size and shape. Zinc oxide nanostructures’ crystal size and shape can be controlled by simply changing the physical synthesis condition such as microwave irradiation time, reaction temperature, and TEA concentration at reflux. Physicochemical properties which are determined by the shape and size of ZnO nanostructures, directly affect their biological applications. These nanostructures can decompose the cell membrane and accumulate in the cytoplasm, which leads to apoptosis or cell death. In this study, we reviewed the various synthesis methods which affect the nano shapes of zinc particles, and physicochemical properties of zinc nanostructures that determined the shape of zinc nanomaterials. Also, we mentioned some macromolecules that controlled their physicochemical properties in a green and biological approaches. In addition, we present the recent progress of ZnONSs in the biomedical fields, which will help centralize biomedical fields and assist their future research development.
Highlights
One of the most critical metal oxide nanoparticles is called Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), which is usually due to special physical and chemical properties are used in various fields
Synthesis of highly porous electrospun PCL scaffolds containing ZnO-NPs was performed by Augustine et al Compared to control experiments, they examined their potential in assays chicken chorioallantoic membrane, which showed excellent vascular germination and induction of increased proliferation of human cutaneous fibroblasts (HDFs) [124]
Hong et al Factor that targets CD105 protein at the endothelial cell surface of the tumor, such as TRC105 antibodies and 1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) - conjugated ZnO-NPs and S-2- (4-isothiocyanatobenzyl) - 1,4-Triazacyclonone, which is performed by PEGylation followed by 64Cu [131] labeling, is used to form a 64Cu-NOTA-ZnO-polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Future perspectives shape-controlled zinc oxide nanostructures (ZnONSs) has attracted a lot of attention from biomedical researchers due to its adjustable physicochemical properties such as size, morphology, surface charge, etc., which can be useful for their medical applications
Summary
One of the most critical metal oxide nanoparticles is called Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), which is usually due to special physical and chemical properties are used in various fields. Hou et al investigated the synthesis of ZnONSs in the presence of short-chain polymer PEG solutions with different concentrations to synthesize ZnO nanostructure.
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