Abstract
Novel growth morphologies of sharp needle-shaped tetrapods and coexistent tetrapods and nanowires of ZnO have been prepared by sublimation of pure Zn utilizing a simple solid – catalyst free - vapor mechanism at the temperatures of 950 and 1100 ºC respectively. These striking differences in these microscopic objects, which evolved at two different process temperatures, were deduced from electron paramagnetic resonance and Raman spectra thereby revealing the role of microstructures, defects and oxygen vacancies in ZnO at lattice scale, which are receptive for luminescence, and electrochemical activity of this functional oxide.
Highlights
Nanostructured materials are of great interest due to their various tunable microstructures, phase transformations and quantum confinements, a need for a gamut of engineering usage [1,2,3,4,5]
In this study we report some of important findings pertaining to ZnO on its novel growth morphology and related spectroscopic, optical and electrochemical performance
The X-ray diffractograms (XRD) recorded on different samples of ZnO revealed the formation of hexagonal – ZnO which was in close agreement to standard data (JCPDS file no. 21-1486)
Summary
Nanostructured materials are of great interest due to their various tunable microstructures, phase transformations and quantum confinements, a need for a gamut of engineering usage [1,2,3,4,5] Among these nano – particles, wires, rings, combs, tetrapods of materials such as ZnO [622] and WO3 [23,24,25,26,27,28] are very much in demand for future electronic, optical and optoelectronic nano-devices. For better ZnO-based emitters, it is of importance to fabricate ZnO arrays with sharp – tipped one dimensional structure. These nanostructures elastically accommodate a high level of strain allowing remarkable structural flexibility and very high strength up to several tens of Gigapascals (GPa) [13, 14]. Various emission characteristics and shifting of luminescence bands can be attributed to the fine nanocrystalline structures leading to a large surface area and defects [18, 19]
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