Shape depended electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.5PO4/C composites for high voltage secondary, flexible Li-ion batteries

Abstract

A facile and viable protocol for the preparation of three dissimilar structured micro-particles by the solvothermal (ST) process. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis reveals an average length, width, and thickness of LiNi0.5Co0.5PO4/C (LNCP/C) brick-like micro-particles (BR2) are in the range of 20–30 μm, 12–16 μm, and 500 nm − 3 μm, respectively. The average length, width, and area of LNCP/C leaf-like micro-particles (LF2) are 11, 3.5 μm, and 22 μm2 respectively and the average diameter of LNCP/C cauliflower-like micro-particle (FL2) is ~ 200 nm. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) evidently elaborates the average width of BR2, and LF2 is less than 50, and 500 nm respectively, size of FL2 is 180 nm. The initial discharge capacities of conventional batteries are 145.8, 141.7, 144.5 mA h g−1, subsequent gravimetrical energy and power densities are 623.84, 603.67, 615.19 mW h g−1 and 2717.58, 2837.09, 2840.65 W kg−1 respectively. The initial discharge capacities of thin and flexible batteries are in the range of 135.8–133.7 mA h g−1, corresponding volumetric power and energy densities are within the span of 2.16–2.30 W cm−3 and 0.217–0.23 W h cm−3 respectively.