Abstract
The Xochimilco-Chalco sub-basin is located to the southern part of the Basin of Mexico. It is bounded to the N by the Sierra de Santa Catarina, to the E by the Sierra nevada, to the W by the Sierra de las Cruces, and to the S by the Sierra de Chichinautzin. These formations are of volcanic origin. The average height of the basin is 2200m, above sea level. The basin is mainly formed by lacustrine sediments (bentonitic clay, pumice, volcanic ashes, fine sands and silts). A more consolidated horizon lies beneath, formed of alluvial sediments interbedded with pyroclastic materials (Benhumea and Vazquez, 1988). Finally, the sedimentary basement is composed of basaltic flows to an estimated depth of 500 m, approximately (Mosser, 1978; Benhumea and Vazquez, 1988 ; Chavez and Flores, 1990).
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