Shake up and shake off probabilities for L-, M-, and N-electrons in atoms with Z=3 to 60

Abstract

In sudden approximation, the probabilities of shake up and shake off processes upon ionization of atomic inner shells are calculated for outer-shell L-, M-, and N-electrons in atoms with Z=3–60. The relative role of the shake off processes increases with the atomic number. Within the same shell of the same atom, the shake off processes are relatively more probable for the nl electrons with smaller l.