Shadowing corrections to the evolution of singlet structure function

Abstract

In this paper, a semi-analytical approach is introduced to address the solution of the nonlinear Gribov-Levin-Ryskin-Mueller-Qiu (GLR-MQ) evolution equation for sea quark distribution. Here the effect of gluon shadowing on the behaviour of singlet structure function, , has been investigated, particularly in the regime of small-x and moderate-Q 2. The predicted values of singlet structure functions with shadowing corrections align well with different experimental data and existing parametrizations. It is very fascinating to observe signatures of gluon recombination within these predictions. Notably, as x decreases, the rapid growth of singlet structure function is eventually tamed by the shadowing or nonlinear term appeared in the QCD evolution due to gluon recombination. This taming behaviour of shadowing singlet structure function towards small-x become significant at the hot spots, at R = 2 GeV−1. Further the computed ratios of with shadowing, in comparison to those without shadowing, clearly indicate that towards smaller values of x and Q 2 the nonlinear effects gradually become prominent.