SGLT2 inhibitors in the prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy: Targeting the silent threat

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a major global health challenge, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who are at significantly higher risk of developing HF. Diabetic cardiomyopathy, a unique form of heart disease, often progresses silently until advanced stages. Recent research has focused on sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), originally developed for hyperglycemia, which have shown potential in reducing cardiovascular risks, including HF hospitalizations, irrespective of diabetic status. In this editorial we comment on the article by Grubić Rotkvić et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Cardiology. The investigators examined the effects of SGLT2i on myocardial function in T2DM patients with asymptomatic HF, finding significant improvements in stroke volume index and reductions in systemic vascular resistance, suggesting enhanced cardiac output. Additionally, SGLT2i demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, as well as blood pressure reduction, though the study’s limitations—such as small sample size and observational design—necessitate larger randomized trials to confirm these findings. The study underscores the potential of early intervention with SGLT2i in preventing HF progression in T2DM patients.