Abstract
Today, global healthcare possesses a tremendous burden due to the increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that has reached pandemic proportions. The chronic disease of T2DM causes macrovascular and/or microvascular pathologic changes, resulting in increased risk for the development of myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, renal failure, and reduced survival. This chronic condition also presents signicant interactions between T2DM, heart failure, and renal dysfunction, forming vicious circles, and the interruption of these circles represents important therapeutic goals. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a new drug class of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), approved for the treatment of diabetes, have been shown to exert a favorable metabolic prole help in a signicant reduction in the atherosclerotic events, hospitalization for heart failure, cardiovascular and total mortality, and progression of chronic kidney disease. This minireview will provide a valuable tool for understanding the vicious circle and demonstrating the expanding role of SGLT2 inhibitors critical for cardiologists, diabetologists, nephrologists, and primary care physicians familiar with this drug class.
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