Abstract
In flowering plants, gametophytic self-incompatibility, controlled by a single locus with several allelic variants, is one of the major problems preventing self-fertilization. Among fruit trees, apricots show to a high degree self-incompatibility, especially in Middle-Asian and Iranian-Caucasian eco-geographical groups. In the present study, self-(in)compatibility characteristics of a total of 236 apricot genotypes (218 Turkish and 18 foreign) found within the National Apricot Germplasms of Apricot Research Institute in Malatya, Turkey was studied. Analyses were carried out by using four primer pairs (SRc-F and SRc-R, EM-PC2consFD and EM-PC3consRD, AprSC8-R and PaConsI-F, AprFBC8-F and AprFBC8-R). A total of 11 S-RNase alleles (S2, S3, S6, S7, S8, S9, S11, S12, S13, S20 and Sc) were determined in the 236 apricot genotypes. As Turkish and foreign apricot genotypes are determined mostly self-incompatible, the data obtained hereby might be of good use for apricot breeding programs and more practically, for apricot new plantations; thus pollinator cultivars should be considered when self-incompatible apricot cultivars are being used.
Highlights
The world apricot production is 3.95 million t/year and Mediterranean countries provide a great majority of this production
AprFBC8 F and R primers were used for discrimination of SFBC/8 allele (Halász et al, 2007)
A total 11 S-RNase alleles (S2, S3, S6, S7, S8, S9, S11, S12, S13, S20 and SC) were determined in the 236 apricots genotypes, while a total of 8 (S2, S6, S7, S8, S9, S11, S13 and SC) were determined within the foreign apricot genotypes, which were used as control (Table 1)
Summary
The world apricot production is 3.95 million t/year and Mediterranean countries provide a great majority of this production. Turkey is the most important country in terms of apricot production in the world, with nearly 800.000 t per year (FAO, 2012). In Turkey 28.489 t of table fruit and 90.321 t of dried apricots have been exported (FAO, 2011). Turkey is not the homeland of apricot, the specie has been adapted very well to Anatolia conditions and is successfully grown on this land for centuries. Apricot production in Turkey was based on seedlings obtained from seeds; in the last 50-60 years this figure changed and grafting with true to name cultivars on seedlings has been more common. Grafting technique increased the quality and quantity of apricot production in Turkey and enhances the importance of apricots both in domestic and foreign markets (Yilmaz et al, 2013)
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