Sexual life after breast cancer

Abstract

Younger breast cancer (BR CA) survivors face a unique set of treatment-related issues that have enormous impact on quality of life and psychological well-being. In particular, young BR CA survivors are at increased risk for experiencing a range of distressing treatment-related sexual sequalae including negative changes in body image, sexual function and relationship intimacy. Developmental and relationship factors often play a role in exacerbating these challenges. Unfortunately, these issues are not routinely addressed for many young survivors. Clinicians report feeling unprepared to discuss and manage these problems and there is often a lack of concrete resources to offer women who are struggling. Cultural barriers may also contribute to lack of attention to these issues. It is imperative that clinicians who treat young BR CA survivors become aware of common problems regarding self-image and sexual dysfunction and increase their competence to complete a basic inquiry. This may be accomplished with a simply checklist approach. There is a growing number of evidence-based intervention strategies for addressing treatment related sexual dysfunction after BR CA. Beyond having the prevalence of treatment-related sexual side effects be acknowledged, young women need to know that treatment-related sexual problems can be effectively addressed. Samples of a checklist and resource sheet for young women will be overviewed and cultural considerations will be noted. As the large majority of young breast cancer patients are now becoming long-term survivors, it is essential for clinicians to learn how to inquire about and address treatment-related late effects including distressing changes in sexual dysfunction.