Sexual Gender-Based Violence in Greek Refugees Camp

Adhi Cahya Fahadayna,Khairunnisa Nadhifa

doi:10.21776/ub.jtg.2020.007.02.1

Abstract

In 2015 the European Migrant Crisis pushed Europe to a new dimension of issues and problems. With the mass of people migrating into the region, Greece became one of the front-line countries to face the crisis by hosting the country's high refugee population. Due to their incapability to adjust and respond according to the needs and situation of the crisis, other issues rise within Greek settlements among refugees themselves where violence came into existence. Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) appears in the refugee population that targeted women refugees living in the Greek camps. To know exactly why the causes of SGBV to happen in the first place against women refugees can be known through the effort of the Heise Model by Lori Michau to seek the root problems of the causes that drive the reason SGBV to exist within risky situations such as refugee camps. Through this Heise Model, the author seeks the causes of why SGBV happened in Greek refugee camps in 2015-2018 in covering four levels of societal, community, interpersonal, and individual.

Highlights

In the scope of international relations, the concept of violence can be implemented in various forms
WHO based report conducts that 35% women worldwide experienced physical or sexual assault from their perpetrators, globally around 38% of women received assault committed by intimate partners and around 200 million women went through Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) (The World Bank, 2019)
According to the related case of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) against women refugees in Greek camps by 2015 – 2018, SGBV did appear as a problematic issue as the report mentioned by UNHCR stated that by 2017 there were about 622 people reported the case of violence with 28% of them occurred after they had reached the shores of Greek islands (Council of Europe 2018)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

In the scope of international relations, the concept of violence can be implemented in various forms. Heise Model can be applied as a tool of instrumental analysis to assess the violence that influenced through gendered factors in all aspects in social, institutional, culture, and politics which is formed in 4 different levels: individual, interpersonal, community, and societal (Michau et al 2015) This model is one of the model that can be used to use as identifying and preventive approach to seek how violence can occur and the solutions through preventions of violence program based on the five main principles (Michau et al 2015) The first one is analysis and actions to prevent violence across socio-ecological aspect (individual, interpersonal, community, and societal). It is believed that the imbalance of power/gender inequality influences directly throughout the levels within the transformation of power across the ecological model based on how deeply rooted the power and values societies implemented upon men and women As such the risks towards gender often found in forms [181]. This level will be influencing towards the following level which is community in which this aspect covers the inequitable norms and practices (Michau et al 2015)

AND DISCUSSION

Findings

CONCLUSION