Abstract
Sex-related differences in emotion regulation (ER) in the frequency power distribution within the human amygdala, a brain region involved in emotion processing, have been reported. However, how sex differences in ER are manifested in the brain networks which are seeded on the amygdala subregions is unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate this issue from a brain network perspective. Utilizing resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis, we found that the sex-specific functional connectivity patterns associated with ER trait level were only seeded in the centromedial amygdala (CM). Women with a higher trait-level ER had a stronger negative RSFC between the right CM and the medial superior frontal gyrus (mSFG), and stronger positive RSFC between the right CM and the anterior insula (AI) and the superior temporal gyrus (STG). But men with a higher trait-level ER was associated with weaker negative RSFC of the right CM-mSFG and positive RSFCs of the right CM-left AI, right CM-right AI/STG, and right CM-left STG. These results provide evidence for the sex-related effects in ER based on CM and indicate that men and women may differ in the neural circuits associated with emotion representation and integration.
Highlights
Mean SD through innervations by cortical and subcortical regions, including the thalamus, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex[15,21,22,23]
The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the 19-item four-factor structure of the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) had a reasonable fit to the dataset and the emotion monitoring and control subscale was reliable in the current dataset
Using Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC), the present study examined the sex-related differences between neural correlates of Emotion regulation (ER) in amygdaloidal sub-regions
Summary
Mean SD through innervations by cortical and subcortical regions, including the thalamus, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex[15,21,22,23]. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) can be used to draw correlations between functional differences in neural networks and individual variations in behavioral traits, including personality and emotional intelligence[30,31]. Emotional processing in the amygdala is thought to be governed by top-down systems, mediated by regions such as the dlPFC, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), and anterior cingulate (ACC). Semantic systems, such as the superior temporal gyrus (STG), have been implicated in the modulation of emotion generation systems in the amygdala[1,37,38]. We further speculated that variations in amygdala connectivity with regard to ER might be replicated in top-down cortical and semantic systems
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