Abstract
COVID-19 Sex affects immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with male sex being a risk factor for mortality, particularly among older individuals. Cai et al. identified 17 serum metabolites associated with COVID-19 infection. In male COVID-19 patients only, the amount of the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid correlated with age, inflammation, and disease outcome. Kynurenic acid inhibits glutamate release, and glutamate levels were reduced in patients who deteriorated. Thus, kynurenic acid may be linked in a sex-specific manner to immune responses and clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Sci. Signal. 14 , eabf8483 (2021).
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