Sex-specific and race/ethnicity-specific disparities in cholangiocarcinoma incidence and prevalence in the USA: An updated analysis of the 2000-2011 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry.

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an uncommon but lethal malignancy with an increasing worldwide incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), but decreasing incidence of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC). To evaluate age-specific, sex-specific, race/ethnicity-specific variations in CCA incidence in the USA. Using population-based cancer registry data from the 2000-2011 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry, we retrospectively evaluated age-specific, sex-specific, race/ethnicity-specific variations in incidence and prevalence of CCA stratified by ICC and ECC subtypes among adults in the USA. A total of 11296 patients with ICC and 8672 patients with ECC were identified. ICC incidence was significantly higher than ECC incidence (1.6 vs 1.3 per 100000/year, P <0.01). Among all race/ethnic groups and among both ICC and ECC, Asians had the highest cancer incidence. When stratified by age, CCA incidence increased with age among all groups; however, the rising incidence was most rapid among Asians. For example, among patients aged 80years and over, the incidence of ICC among Asians was nearly twice the incidence among non-Hispanic whites (13.8 vs 7.2 per 100000/year). Overall, CCA incidence was higher among men compared with women, and with increasing age, this sex-specific disparity was more pronounced. For example, among patients aged 80years and over, the incidence of ICC was 9.8 per 100000/year among men and 6.9 per 100000/year among women. Among adults with CCA in the USA, increasing age was associated with increasing incidence of CCA. In addition, sex-specific and race/ethnicity-specific disparities were seen with the highest incidence of CCA among men and among Asians.