Abstract
ObjectiveTo identify sex-specific predictors of inpatient rehabilitation outcomes among patients with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) from a population-based perspective. DesignRetrospective cohort study. SettingInpatient rehabilitation. ParticipantsPatients in inpatient rehabilitation for a TBI within 1 year of acute care discharge between 2008/2009 and 2011/2012 (N=1730, 70% men, 30% women). InterventionsNone. Main Outcome MeasuresInpatient rehabilitation length of stay, total FIM score, and motor and cognitive FIM ratings at discharge. ResultsSex, as a covariate in multivariable linear regression models, was not a significant predictor of rehabilitation outcomes. Although many of the predictors examined were similar across men and women, sex-specific multivariable models identified some predictors of rehabilitation outcome that are specific for men and women; mechanism of injury (P<.0001) was a significant predictor of functional outcome only among women, whereas comorbidities (P<.0001) was a significant predictor for men only. ConclusionsPredictors of outcomes after inpatient rehabilitation differed by sex, providing evidence for a sex-specific approach in planning and resource allocation for inpatient rehabilitation services for patients with TBI.
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