Sex-specific behavioral impairments produced by neonatal exposure to MK-801 are partially reversed by adolescent CDPPB treatment

Abstract

Psychomimetic behaviors manifest in adult rodents long after neonatal exposure to the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. In the present study, we used this neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia to evaluate the therapeutic potential of positive allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) during adolescence. To this end, we randomly assigned male and female C57BL6 mouse littermates to one of three treatment groups: (i) neonatal and adolescent saline, (ii) neonatal MK-801 (0.25 mg/kg) and adolescent saline, and (iii) neonatal MK-801 and adolescent CDPPB (10 mg/kg), a positive allosteric modulator of mGluR5. When animals reached adulthood, a wide range of behavioral tests were conducted including sucrose preference, anxiety assessment in the elevated plus maze, and a series of food-reinforced operant procedures meant to assess motor activity, motivation, learning, and attention. Neonatal MK-801 exposure produced profound motor hyperactivity in both sexes and attenuated sucrose preference in males, effects that were reversed by CDPPB. MK-801 produced other deficits such as impaired set shifting or response inhibition deficits that were not reversed by CDPPB. Overall, female mice were more susceptible to MK-801's behavioral effects than males. These findings further support the use of neonatal MK-801 exposure as an animal model of schizophrenia and suggest that CDPPB can reverse the neurodevelopmental progression of some schizophrenia-like behaviors.