Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the concept of sex reversal in mammals. The mammalian gonads are derived from the thickenings of the coelomic epithelium of urogenital ridges. The transformation of the genital ridge into the fetal gonad is regulated by at least two genes: the Wilms' tumor suppressor gene—WT1— and Ftz-F1 that encodes the transcription factor, steroidogenic factor-l, also known as Ad4 binding protein (SF1, Ad4BP). Mammalian fetal gonads are initially indifferent and have the potential to develop into either testes or ovaries. The molecular genetics of sex determination and sexual differentiation in the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, and the nematode, Caenorhabdites elegans, are very complex. The same is undoubtedly true in mammals. The identification of sex determining region Y gene (SRY) as the testis-determining gene on the Y is a milestone in understanding mammalian sex determination. XY and XX sex reversal models play prominent roles in deciphering the molecular genetics of mammalian sex determination and sexual differentiation.
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