Sex hormones differentially influence voluntary running activity, food intake and body weight in aging female and male rats

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the longer-term effects of reduced gonadal hormones on food intake, food efficiency, voluntary running activity and body weight in mature male and female rats, compared to age-matched controls. We hypothesized that hormonal effects would differ for rats that were not rapidly growing and our results are consistent with this hypothesis. 6-8month male and female rats were divided into four groups: Female and male control groups and a female and male experimental group. Control groups were intact for 46weeks. Experimental groups were intact during Phase I (16weeks), ovariectomized or orchidectomized during Phase II (20weeks), and received estrogen or testosterone hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during the final Phase III (10weeks). Food intake and running distance were monitored daily and body weight was recorded weekly for 46weeks. Contrary to findings for young and growing animals, we did not observe a (1) stabilization of food intake in female rats following OVX, (2) loss of body weight with ORX in males, or (3) complete restoration of running activity in ORX males given testosterone, compared to females given estrogen. Feeding efficiency was not affected by aging in females or males. Loss of estrogen increased energy intake whereas reduced testosterone in males resulted in a negative energy balance. Findings suggest variable hormonal effects for aging male/female rats.