Sex differences in the prevalence and adverse outcomes of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community dwelling elderly in East China using the AWGS criteria

Yanping Du,Qun Cheng,Hua Xie,Sihong Xue,Xiaodong Wang,Wei Hong,Xiaoqing Wu,Xuemei Zhang,Jianqin Sun,Wenjing Tang,Xiaoying Zhu,Songbai Zheng,Huilin Li,Minmin Chen

doi:10.1186/s12902-019-0432-x

Yanping Du, Qun Cheng + Show 12 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0432-x

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Abstract

BackgroundSarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) have a greater impact on the elderly. This study aimed to explore whether there were sex differences in the prevalence and adverse outcomes of sarcopenia and SO in community-dwelling elderly individuals in East China.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 213 males and 418 females aged > 65 years. Demographic characteristics, body composition, hand grip, gait speed, and indices of glucose and lipid metabolism were collected. Sarcopenia and SO were diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria.Results(1) The prevalence of sarcopenia was 19.2% in males and 8.6% in females. The prevalence of SO was 7.0% in males and 2.4% in females. (2) In males, the odds ratios (ORs) of osteoporosis and dyslipidemia in the SO group were 4.21-fold and 4.15-fold higher than those in the normal group, respectively. In females, the ORs of osteoporosis and hyperglycemia in the SO group were 1.12-fold and 4.21-fold higher than those in the normal group.ConclusionsMales were more likely to be sarcopenic and to have SO than females using the AWGS criteria. Females with SO were more likely to have higher blood glucose, whereas males with SO were more likely to have osteoporosis and dyslipidemia.

Highlights

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) have a greater impact on the elderly
It remains unclear whether this difference in body composition with age between males and females leads to sex differences in SO, which is characterized by a combination of muscle degeneration and increased fat
The prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling elderly individuals in Shanghai A total of 213 males and 418 females aged > 65 years were enrolled from the Zhoujiaqiao community in Shanghai

Summary

Introduction

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) have a greater impact on the elderly. This study aimed to explore whether there were sex differences in the prevalence and adverse outcomes of sarcopenia and SO in community-dwelling elderly individuals in East China. Our previous studies and other studies have shown that elderly males have more muscle mass than elderly females, but their muscle deterioration is faster, while elderly females have more fat mass [5,6,7,8] This sex difference in the change in muscle mass and fat mass has a different impact on bone mineral density (BMD) and hip geometric structure. The aims of this study were (1) to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and SO in elderly males and females in a communitydwelling elderly population in East China; (2) to explore whether the changes in muscle mass and fat mass between the SO subjects and normal subjects had sex differences; and (3) to explore whether there are sex differences in adverse clinical events related to SO, including osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia

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