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Abstract
Background: Previous research has indicated that there are significant sex differences in serum BDNF levels and metabolic indicators in patients with schizophrenia. Studies have found that BDNF is involved in blood sugar regulation. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is currently a sensitive indicator for measuring insulin resistance. Our study aims to explore the sex differences in the relationship between serum BDNF levels and HOMA-IR in patients with chronic schizophrenia (CS).Methods: A total of 332 patients with CS were enrolled in this study. General information of all participants was collected. Haematological indicators were collected, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms. Sex differences in serum BDNF levels, HOMA-IR index and other metabolic indexes were investigated. Then, linear regression analysis was used to analyse the relationship between the HOMA-IR index and BDNF levels in male and female patients.Results: The HOMA-IR index of female patients was significantly higher than that of males, but there was no significant difference in serum BDNF levels between male patients and female patients. There was a positive correlation between BDNF level and HOMA-IR index, and this relationship only existed in female patients.Conclusion: The results show that there are significant sex differences in HOMA-IR in patients with CS. In addition, only in female patients was there a positive correlation between the HOMA-IR index and BDNF level, which suggests that sex factors should be taken into account in evaluating the relationship between BDNF and blood glucose in patients with CS.
Highlights
Schizophrenia has a high mortality and disability rate [1, 2]
The results showed that there was no significant difference in Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels between male and female patients (F < 0.001, P = 0.985)
(2) There were significant sex differences in the correlation between BDNF and the Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and this correlation only existed in female patients
Summary
Schizophrenia has a high mortality and disability rate [1, 2]. The prevalence rate of schizophrenia in China is approximately 0.7% [3]. Studies have shown that sex differences are widespread in patients with schizophrenia. Our research shows that there are significant sex differences in metabolism in patients with schizophrenia [7,8,9]. The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in male patients with CS is significantly higher than that in female patients [10]. Our previous studies have found that female patients with CS are more likely to be obese, whereas male patients are more likely to be underweight [11]. Previous research has indicated that there are significant sex differences in serum BDNF levels and metabolic indicators in patients with schizophrenia. Our study aims to explore the sex differences in the relationship between serum BDNF levels and HOMA-IR in patients with chronic schizophrenia (CS)
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