Abstract
Global myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) occurs during cardiac operations. This I/R injury increases production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) instantly and upregulates expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1). Based on published data from our laboratory and other groups, local produced TNF contributes to cardiac dysfunction via binding to its receptor (TNFR1)-initiated pathways, whereas SDF-1 mediates acute cardioprotection. In addition, we have previously shown that female hearts have improved cardiac function associated with TNFR1 signaling resistance and exhibit higher SDF-1 levels compared to male hearts following acute I/R.
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