Sex differences in memory for landmark arrays in C57BL/J6 mice

Abstract

The most robust sex differences in cognition across polygynous mammalian species are the sex-specific patterns of the use of spatial cues during encoding and orientation. In laboratory rats, wild rodents, and humans, females orient preferentially to the features and arrangement of local landmarks, while males preferentially attend to distant landmarks. Yet this sex-specific pattern is often absent or reversed in the laboratory mouse, a species representing a major laboratory model of neural mechanisms. We explored sex differences in the C57BL/J6 strain of laboratory mouse by employing tasks that were motivated by the natural patterns of exploration. We predicted that such tasks would unmask the predicted default polygynous patterns of cue use by females and males. We used two standard tasks, a novel object recognition task and a five-stage serial object dishabituation task. On the first task, the results showed a female advantage in detecting the novel object, as predicted by prior results from other polygynous species. In the second task, we found, also as predicted, a male advantage in performance when the polarization of the array was distorted and a female advantage in performance when the local array was re-arranged. The pattern of sex-specific advantages in performance in C57BL/J6 mouse is thus concordant with that found in other polygynous mammals.