Abstract
Simple SummaryTissue regeneration is found in plants and some animal species. The regeneration process is ubiquitous to all multicellular organisms. Regeneration ranges from healing wounded tissue to whole body neoforming (remaking of the new body). In this larger context, regeneration is one facet of two propagation schemes that dominate the evolution of life. Multicellular organisms can propagate asexually or sexually, and regeneration is a form of asexual propagation. The hypothesis presented here claims that the ability to regenerate is determined by the sexual state of the multicellular organisms (from simple animals such as hydra and planaria to plants and complex animals). The above hypothesis is supported by showing evidence that many organisms, organs, or tissues show inhibited or diminished regeneration capacity when in reproductive status compared to organs or tissues in nonreproductive conditions or by exposure to sex hormones.Regeneration is usually regarded as a unique plant or some animal species process. In reality, regeneration is a ubiquitous process in all multicellular organisms. It ranges from response to wounding by healing the wounded tissue to whole body neoforming (remaking of the new body). In a larger context, regeneration is one facet of two reproduction schemes that dominate the evolution of life. Multicellular organisms can propagate their genes asexually or sexually. Here I present the view that the ability to regenerate tissue or whole-body regeneration is also determined by the sexual state of the multicellular organisms (from simple animals such as hydra and planaria to plants and complex animals). The above idea is manifested here by showing evidence that many organisms, organs, or tissues show inhibited or diminished regeneration capacity when in reproductive status compared to organs or tissues in nonreproductive conditions or by exposure to sex hormones.
Highlights
In the past eras, there was a concentration of research efforts of biologists in general and plant scientists in particular to understanding the molecular basis and function of a handful of organisms
Regeneration was viewed as a curiosity or an agronomic practice only in plant biology, not a purely scientific process, it has been used in agriculture for at least hundreds and maybe thousands of years
Regeneration is principally viewed as a unique plant and some animal species process that is performed in response to wounding, but it can be considered in a larger context
Summary
There was a concentration of research efforts of biologists in general and plant scientists in particular to understanding the molecular basis and function of a handful of organisms. Regeneration is principally viewed as a unique plant and some animal species process that is performed in response to wounding, but it can be considered in a larger context. Asexual propagation can be viewed as the regeneration of a group of cells (multicellular organisms or tissues) to a whole body and not from an embryo. Epimorphic regeneration in animals and plants involves forming a blastema in animals and callus in plants that is necessary for proper organ regeneration to occur; in both cases, these are considered undifferentiated cells capable of regenerating neoformed tissues. This mode of multicellular organism multiplication is more commonly known as asexual reproduction. Why is agedependent regeneration so prevalent, maybe the origin of the differences in regeneration capacity is ubiquitous to all organisms?
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