Abstract
目的 比较七氟醚复合雷米芬太尼与异氟醚复合芬太尼用于青少年脊柱侧弯后路矫形手术的麻醉效果.方法 择期行脊柱侧弯后路矫形手术的患者40例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄11～18岁.随机分为两组:异氟醚复合芬太尼组(A组)和七氟醚复合雷米芬太尼组(B组).A组以丙泊酚、芬太尼、维库溴铵和异氟醚维持麻醉;B组以丙泊酚、雷米芬太尼、维库溴铵和七氟醚维持麻醉.根据双频指数(BIS)和血流动力学反应调整麻醉深度.在唤醒前约30 min停用维库溴铵和镇痛药.要求唤醒时停用丙泊酚和吸人麻醉药,唤醒时间为停用丙泊酚和吸入麻醉药到患者双侧脚趾能动的时间.记录唤醒时间、唤醒质量及唤醒期间HR、SBP、DBP、BIS的变化.患者拔除气管导管清醒后随访患者对术中唤醒过程有无记忆.结果 患者的一般情况、唤醒期间HR、SBP、DBP和BIS两组问比较均无统计学差异.两组患者唤醒时BIS明显高于停药前(P＜0.001),但是术后随访发现所有患者对唤醒试验均无记忆.唤醒时间A组26.3 min±10.4 min,B组12.1 min±9.4 min,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).唤醒成功时,两组的唤醒质量比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 七氟醚复合雷米芬太尼快通道麻醉技术适合用于行术中唤醒的青少年脊柱侧弯后路矫形手术,其唤醒时间短、术中血流动力学平稳.该麻醉条件下行BIS监测,有助于及时唤醒病人和唤醒后加深麻醉,亦有助于防止术中知晓。
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