Severe malaria-related disability in African children: a scoping review

Abstract

Purpose Disability is a consequence of severe malaria for a significant proportion of African children. This scoping review aims to describe the impact of severe malaria on African children according to current literature using an international biopsychical classification and framework of disability and functioning. Materials and methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, and CINHAL databases were searched for original research conducted on African children aged 0–18 using terms related to severe malaria and components of disability. Independent and dependent variables were extracted and classified using the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health-Children and Youth version (ICF-CY) using standardized coding methods. Results Seventy-two percent of the measured variables in the 34 included studies were coded as “body functions,” (i.e., impairments), such as mental, neuromusculoskeletal, movement, and sensory functions, and 23.3% of variables were coded as “activities and participation” (i.e., activity limitations/participation restrictions), such as difficulties with general tasks and demands, communication, mobility, interpersonal interactions, and relationships. “Environment” variables such as family support, health access, education, or societal attitudes were not found in the included studies. Conclusions Existing peer-reviewed quantitative research of severe malaria-related disability is focused on neurological sequelae, with less research about activity limitations and participation restrictions.