Abstract
Malaria is an infective disease caused by sporozoan parasites that are transmitted to humans via the bite of an infected female anopheles mosquito. It is estimated that there are over 300 million acute infections each year and between 1.5–2.7 million deaths. 90% of these deaths occur in children from Sub-Saharan Africa and are due to Plasmodium falciparum (Fig. 1). The trend of P. falciparum infections is on the increase and there is evidence that it is reappearing in previously eradicated areas. There is also evidence of an increasing incidence of P. falciparum resistance to chloroquine and other antimalarials in certain areas. With the increase in travel and business to the third world, imported cases of malaria in nonendemic areas (the developed world) are on the increase and are estimated to be about 10,000 to 30,000 per year.
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