Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a new virus (SFTS virus) reported to be endemic to central and northeastern parts of China. SFTS virus, which is classified into the genus Phlebovirus (the Bunyaviridae family), is suspected to be a tick-borne virus owing to evidence in two species of ticks: Haemaphysalis longicornis and Rhipicephalus microplus. SFTS virus is detected among many species of domestic animals in China. The clinical symptoms of SFTS include fever, thrombocytopenia, leucocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, neural symptoms, bleeding tendency. The fatality rate of SFTS is 6-30%. Person-to-person transmission of SFTS virus is possible through blood contact. Clinical and epidemiological studies of SFTS, the cases of SFTS outside China, person-to-person transmission of SFTS virus, evolutionary and molecular analysis of the emergent SFTS virus, and risk assessment of human infection with a novel phlebovirus are considered in this review.
Highlights
48th Central Scientific Research Institute, Sergiev Posad, 141306, Russian Federation Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a new virus (SFTS virus) reported to be endemic to central and northeastern parts of China
SFTS virus, which is classified into the genus Phlebovirus, is suspected to be a tick-borne virus owing to evidence in two species of ticks: Haemaphysalis longicornis and Rhipicephalus microplus
Clinical and epidemiological studies of SFTS, the cases of SFTS outside China, person-to-person transmission of SFTS virus, evolutionary and molecular analysis of the emergent SFTS virus, and risk assessment of human infection with a novel phlebovirus are considered in this review
Summary
48th Central Scientific Research Institute, Sergiev Posad, 141306, Russian Federation Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a new virus (SFTS virus) reported to be endemic to central and northeastern parts of China. For citation: Sizikova T.E., Lebedev V.N., Pantukhov V.B., Borisevich S.V. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: the disease, caused by the novel phlebovirus. В последующем из биопроб, полученных от других больных, было выделено еще 11 штаммов вируса SFTS [1, 2]. Строение генома вируса SFTS соответствует геному других представителей рода Phlebovirus семейства Bunyaviridae. Филогенетический анализ, проведенный путем определения полноразмерных последовательностей сегментов L, M и S штаммов DBM, HN6 и HB29 вируса SFTS, показал, что данный возбудитель занимает промежуточное положение между двумя другими группами рода Phlebovirus (группа Сицилийской москитной лихорадки, в которую, кроме одноименного вируса, входят вирусы лихорадки долины Рифт (ЛДР), Пунта-Тора, Тоскана и Массила и группа вируса Уукуниеми). По структуре генома вирус SFTS наиболее близок к вирусу Уукуниеми (уровень гомологии по сегментам L, M и S геномной РНК составляет 34, 24 и 29% соответственно) [2]. Наиболее уникальной структурой характеризуется белок NSs, для которого уровень гомологии с другими флебовирусами находится на низком уровне от 11,2 до 16%
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