Several key problems of lake water quality remote sensing

Abstract

我国目前约有面积大于1km²的湖泊有3000个,绝大部分属高叶绿素和高悬浮物浓度水体,属于典型的Ⅱ类水体,物质组成多样,水体的光学辐射传输复杂,且有大范围的光学浅水.我国的湖泊水质/水色遥感虽然取得了一定进展,但借鉴海洋水色遥感的相关理论和经验,还需要解决以下四个关键问题:1)兼顾海洋沿海水质遥感,发展专用的静止卫星湖泊水质遥感器;2)在当前多光谱遥感资料基础上研发高光谱湖泊水质因子提取的遥感定量化模型,提高反演精度;3)深化湖底底质对湖泊水质/水质遥感影响研究,发展湖底水质遥感反射率精确计算模型;4)发展适用于湖泊水体区域性Ⅱ类水体大气校正方法,并集成反演、遥感产品制作、分发等技术,构建湖泊水体水质/水色业务化运行体系.;At present, there are about 3000 lakes with more than 1 km² area in China. Most of them belong to Case II waters with alarge volume of shallow waters. Using theories and experiences of ocean water color remote sensing for reference, lake waterquality/color remote sensing has a prominent improvement. However, there still exist many problems mainly as follows: (a) there isnot a special sensor for lake water quality or color remote sensing up to now;(b) though many scholars have developed many waterquality parameter retrieval models, including semi-empirical models and semi-analytical models, there still exists a large gap frompractical applications;(c) lake bottom is one of the important influence sources to interfere lake water quality or color remote sensing;(d) it is very difficult for lake water quality or color remote sensing to develop an applied and operational atmosphere correctionalgorithm, which will have an important barrier on the practical application of lake water quality parameters retrieval.