Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one isolated from mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) seeds on atherogenic index, expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and expression of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) genes in hyperlipidemic rats.
 Methods: A total of 25 rats male aged 8 weeks and weighing an average of 200 g were used. They were divided into five groups as follows: (I) normal (N), (II) hyperlipidemic (HL), (III) hyperlipidemic rats treated with simvastatin (HL+SV), (IV and V) hyperlipidemic rats treated with 30 or 90mg, respectively, of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one per 200 g body weight per day for 4 weeks. Atherogenic index (AI) was calculated from the levels of triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) while Nrf2 and GPx gene expressions were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
 Results: Two different doses of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one in hyperlipidemic rats significantly reduced their atherogenic index (p < 0.05). Nrf2 and GPx expression levels were lower than (p > 0.05) those of hyperlipidemic group.
 Conclusion: Seven-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one reduces the atherogenic index and expression levels of Nrf2 and GPx genes in hyperlipidemic rats. Thus, this compound has potential as an antihyperlipidemic agent
Highlights
Hyperlipidemia, a form of dyslipidemia, is a lipid metabolism disorder characterized by increased levels of cholesterol and/or triglycerides
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 7-hydroxy2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one flavonoid groups on the atherogenic index and expression of Nrf[2] and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) genes in hyperlipidemic rats
Twenty-five rats were divided into five groups: normal (N), hyperlipidemic (HL), hyperlipidemic rats treated with simvastatin (HL+SV), hyperlipidemic rats treated with 30 or 90mg 7hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen -4-one per 200g body weight per day (HL+30 or HL+90, respectively)
Summary
Hyperlipidemia, a form of dyslipidemia, is a lipid metabolism disorder characterized by increased levels of cholesterol and/or triglycerides. Hyperlipidemia is caused by many factors, including an unhealthy lifestyle, low physical activity, and a high-fat diet [1]. Oxidative stress causes translocation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where it combines with the antioxidant-responsive. Oxidative stress can be prevented by endogenous and exogenous antioxidants. Endogenous antioxidants protect cells from damage caused by oxidative stress. Endogenous antioxidants are not sufficient to prevent cell damage. Exogenous antioxidants are needed to protect cells from oxidative stress–related diseases
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