Abstract
The article analyses the settlement of the Tyumen Region from the perspective of the interaction between the traditional settlement scheme that has developed over the last four centuries, and a group of settlements, where oil pumping and/or gas compressor stations of main oil and gas pipelines are located and maintained. The genesis of this interaction revealed two main directions: eastern and northern. In the first case, the junction points of the Trans-Siberian Railway, which served as administrative outposts, initiated the process of forming agricul-tural, commercial and then industrial zones (and, accordingly, new settlements); the north direction reflects the main stages of Russia's advancement to the North, including the massive industrial development of a unique West-Siberian oil-and-gas province. The homogeneity of the considered settlements in terms the production, terri-torial and social aspects allows us to interpret them as a territorial and production cluster. The organising role of the pipeline transport network in the further development of this cluster is shown. Firstly, it contributed to the emergence of new settlements, and secondly, former small settlements turned into the nodal points of the trans-formed settlement scheme. The result of the cluster formation is correlated with the dynamics of the urbanisation process and is presented in the form of a framework for the development and settlement of the Tyumen Region and its scheme. The consideration of the subject matter is multidisciplinary in nature due to its complex and multi-aspect character. In this study, elements of various methods and approaches were employed: historical-geographical and economic-geographical when studying the genesis of the settlement structure; ethno-demographic when considering the processes of natural and forced migration; socio-cultural and economic-organisational when trying to create a sociocultural scheme of a territorial community.
Highlights
The main characteristics of trunk oil pipelinesПротяженность трассы, км В однониточном исполнении, км Количество нефтепроводов шт. Количество НПС, шт
Статья посвящена пространственному анализу системы магистральных нефтегазопроводов, пролегающих на территории Тюменской области, в комплексе с притрассовыми населенными пунктами — местами расположения нефтеперекачивающих и газокомпрессорных станций
The article analyses the settlement of the Tyumen Region from the perspective of the interaction between the traditional settlement scheme that has developed over the last four centuries, and a group of settlements, where oil pumping and/or gas compressor stations of main oil and gas pipelines are located and maintained
Summary
Протяженность трассы, км В однониточном исполнении, км Количество нефтепроводов шт. Количество НПС, шт. Это весомые аргументы в пользу того, чтобы рассматривать сеть трубопроводов и притрассовые поселки как линейную часть и узловые элементы опорного каркаса расселения. Несмотря на очевидное организующее значение магистральных трубопроводов, подобная структура не образует каркаса расселения в его классическом понимании [Баранский, 1956; Лаппо, 1983]. Структура и динамика расселения по узловым населенным пунктам Тюменской области, расположенным вдоль сети магистрального транспорта нефти и газа, представлены в табл. 3. Структура и динамика расселения Тюменской области в районах пролегания магистральных нефтегазопроводов *. The structure and dynamics of the resettlement of the Tyumen Region in the areas where the main oil and gas pipelines lie Наименование пунктов магистрального нефтепровода и газопровода Уват Демьянское Муген Туртас Сосьва Пунга Перегребное Казымская, Новоказымская Верхнеказымская Сорумская Правохеттинская, Пангды Ныдинская Пуровская Новокомсомольская Уренгой Надым, Медвежье Лонг-Юган У.
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