SETAP: epidemiology and prevention of stroke and transient ischaemic attack in Czech patients with atrial fibrillation.

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The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence, epidemiology, and anticoagulation prevention of stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) in Czech patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Retrospective observational analysis of diagnoses, procedures, and treatment reported to the Czech National Registry of Reimbursed Healthcare Services between 2015 and 2018. Prevalence of AF in 2018 was 4.3% of Czech population and the prevalence of stroke/TIA in AF patients was 22.3% with annual incidence of 181.62 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. In 2018, CHA2DS2-ASc score ≥4 was present in 98% AF patients in secondary and 59% in primary prevention, respectively, while the anticoagulation treatment was used by 71-81% of them. Between 2015 and 2018, the percentage of AF patients treated with warfarin monotherapy in primary prevention decreased from 35% to 31%, with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) monotherapy from 18% to 16% and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) monotherapy increased from 7% to 11%. In secondary prevention, the percentage of warfarin monotherapy treatment decreased from 35% to 32%, with ASA monotherapy from 20% to 18% and with NOACs monotherapy increased from 9% to 15%. This study followed all Czech patients with AF. The unadjusted prevalence and incidence of AF was higher compared with other countries and 2019 European Society of Cardiology Statistics. The study identified several gaps in standard of reimbursed care. 20-30% of AF patients with other risk factors were without any prevention medication and the share of ASA monotherapy in treated patients was 16-18%.