Abstract
6LoWPAN (IPv6 based Low-Power Personal Area Network) is a protocol specification that facilitates communication of IPv6 packets on top of IEEE 802.15.4 so that Internet and wireless sensor networks can be inter-connected. This interconnection is especially required in commercial and enterprise applications of sensor networks where reliable and timely data transfers such as multiple code updates are needed from Internet nodes to sensor nodes. For this type of inbound traffic which is mostly bulk, TCP as transport layer protocol is essential, resulting in end-to-end TCP session through a default gateway. In this scenario, a single gateway tends to become the bottleneck because of non-uniform connectivity to all the sensor nodes besides being vulnerable to buffer overflow. We propose SET; a management architecture for multiple split-TCP sessions across a number of serving gateways. SET implements striping and multiple TCP session management through a shim at session layer. Through analytical modeling and ns2 simulations, we show that our proposed architecture optimizes communication for ingress bulk data transfer while providing associated load balancing services. We conclude that multiple split-TCP sessions managed in parallel across a number of gateways result in reduced latency for bulk data transfer and provide robustness against gateway failures.
Highlights
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is formed by end devices equipped with sensors, microcontrollers, radio transceivers, and battery sources
In this paper we propose architecture for interconnectivity of the Internet and WSN such that parallel split-TCP sessions are established through multiple gateways
Splitting TCP across gateway for interconnectivity of wired and wireless networks has shown considerable improvement in performance due to reduced loss recovery path, it has been observed that the gateway can become bottleneck due to congestion when supporting a large number of connections
Summary
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is formed by end devices (sensor nodes) equipped with sensors, microcontrollers, radio transceivers, and battery sources. Some of the research challenges for commercial WSNs are support for multiple applications, several service providers sharing a single-sensor network, WSN and the Internet connectivity, and reliable, timely, and multiple code updates thereof. As elaborated in [2], wireless sensor networks supporting multiple applications reduce the deployment and management costs, which results in higher network efficiency For such shared networks, multiple code updates are needed from the Internet to WSN sensor nodes. First of all, we identify TCP-session overflow disposition of a single gateway, due to fragmentation implemented for the Internet and WSN interconnectivity. We propose SET which is a session layer-based architecture that staggers a single CN-SN session into multiple split (CN-GW and GW-SN) sessions, across a number of available 6LoWPAN gateways (or for an equivalent device for IPv4) and stripes data across these sessions.
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