Abstract
BackgroundSesamin is a well-known antioxidant extracted from sesame seeds that exhibits various curative effects. The present study investigated whether sesamin would protect neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against mechanical stretch injury-induced increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying these actives were investigated. Following exposure to mechanical stretch injury, cells were incubated for further investigations. Lactate dehydrogenase and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays were used to assess cell viability, and a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and flow cytometric analysis were performed to evaluate changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Furthermore, intracellular levels of ROS production were measured by 20, 70-dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining, the mRNA levels of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and the determinations had also been made on related proteins by Western blot analysis.ResultsExposure to mechanical stretch injury significantly decreased cell viability but this decrease was attenuated by pretreatment with sesamin (50 μM). Sesamin also significantly inhibited mechanical stretch injury-induced increases in intracellular ROS production, attenuated declines in ΔΨm, diminished the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins, and decreased cell apoptosis. Stretch injury increased Bax and cleaved caspase 3 levels, enhanced the gene expression of MMP-9, increased the phosphorylation levels of Akt, p38, and JNK and decreased Bcl-2 levels in the cells. However, pretreatment with sesamin reduced the mechanical stretch injury-induced overexpression of MMP-9.ConclusionsSesamin protected SH-SY5Y cells against stretch injury by attenuating increases in ROS levels and suppressing apoptosis. Accordingly, sesamin seems to be a potentially therapeutic agent in the treatment of traumatic brain injury.
Highlights
Sesamin is a well-known antioxidant extracted from sesame seeds that exhibits various curative effects
The results showed that sesamin at 75 and 100 μM decreased cell viability com-pared to the untreated control group
Stretch injury increased the extracellular levels of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) but sesamin enhanced the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells, relative LDH levels of sesa-/vehgroup and sesamin group were 3.24 ± 0.235, 2.188 ± 0.2, p = 0.0091, F = 1.382 (Fig. 1a, b)
Summary
Sesamin is a well-known antioxidant extracted from sesame seeds that exhibits various curative effects. The present study investigated whether sesamin would protect neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against mechanical stretch injury-induced increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. The mechanisms underlying these actives were investigated. Following exposure to mechanical stretch injury, cells were incubated for further investigations. Mechanical stretch injury may produce many of the post-traumatic responses which had been observed in vivo, including intracellular impairments on mitochondrial and cytoskeletal elements [5, 6]. Sesamin is the major lignan obtained from sesame oil and may protect against various injuries induced by hypoxia and H2O2 [7, 8]. Treatment with sesamin inhibits the activation of BV2 cells and attenuates increases in cytokine production following exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [10, 11]
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