Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between serum selenium and zinc concentrations (Se-S and Zn-S) and the left ventricle geometry in patients suffering from arterial hypertension. A total of 78 people with arterial hypertension (mean age: 53.72 ± 12.74 years) participated in the study. Se-S and Zn-S were determined in all patients. The type of left ventricular remodelling and hypertrophy was determined by the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT) measured by echocardiography. Se-S and Zn-S in the whole group were 89.84 ± 18.75 µg/L and 0.86 ± 0.13 mg/L. Normal left ventricular geometry was found in 28.2% of patients; left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 71.8%, including concentric remodelling in 28.2%, concentric hypertrophy in 29.5%, and eccentric hypertrophy in 14.1%. LVH was statistically significantly more frequent in patients with Se-S < median compared to patients with Se-S ≥ median (87.2% vs. 56.4%, p < 0.05), as well as in patients with Zn-S < median compared to patients with Zn-S ≥ median (83.8% vs. 60.9%, p < 0.05). In hypertensive patients, older age, higher LDL cholesterol, higher fasting glucose, lower Se-S, and lower Zn-S were independently associated with LVH. In conclusion, in hypertensive patients, left ventricular hypertrophy may be associated with low levels of selenium and zinc in the serum.
Highlights
Selenium and zinc are essential micronutrients that have a huge impact on human health
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between serum selenium and zinc concentrations (Se-S and Zn-S) and the left ventricle geometry in patients suffering from arterial hypertension
We showed that in hypertensive patients, left ventricular hypertrophy may be associated with a low level of selenium in the serum
Summary
Selenium and zinc are essential micronutrients that have a huge impact on human health. They are incorporated in many enzymes and play a key role in optimising metabolic reactions and protecting against oxidative damage [1,2,3,4]. It is estimated that humans have about 25 different Se-dependent enzymes (selenoproteins); the best known include glutathione peroxidase (GPx), iodothyronine deiodinases (IDD) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). Zinc is the core of human metabolic processes; it acts as a cofactor for over 300 enzymes and 2000 transcription factors. In addition to its’ antioxidant properties, it regulates cell physiology, gene transcription, insulin secretion and serves as an extracellular signalling molecule [3,4]
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