Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by focal lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands. Expression and up-regulation of adhesion molecules and activation of cellular immune system is essential for the migration of inflammatory cells into tissues. Soluble forms of adhesion molecules sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, sE-selectin and neopterin were analyzed in serum of 17 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and 11 patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome together with 26 age-matched healthy blood donors. There were significantly higher serum concentrations (mean +/- 1SD) of sICAM-1 (362.0 +/- 67.9 ng/ml, p < 0.001), sE-selectin (78.7 +/- 28.1 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and neopterin (17.9 +/- 6.4 nmol/l, p < 0.001) in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients in comparison to control group (sICAM-1: 128.3 +/- 46.9 ng/ml, sE-selectin: 46.3 +/- 39.5 ng/ml, and neopterin: 7.6 +/- 2.3 nmol/l). Sera from patients with secondary Sjögren's disease contained significantly higher levels of sICAM-1 (356.0 +/- 62.4 ng/ml, p < 0.001), sE-selectin (65.5 +/- 27.0 ng/ml, p < 0.05), and neopterin (18.8 +/- 9.8 nmol/l, p < 0.001) in comparison with control group. There were no significant differences between patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome in any parameters tested. No statistically significant differences in serum levels of sVCAM-1 were found either in patients with primary or secondary SS compared to control group.
Highlights
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands leading to the xerostomia and xerophthalmia [1,19,35]
Results sICAM-1: Statistically significant differences (p
SE-selectin: Serum levels of sE-selectin were significantly elevated in patients with primary SS (78.8 ± 28.1 ng/ml, p
Summary
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands leading to the xerostomia and xerophthalmia (sicca complex) [1,19,35]. SS displays a broad clinical spectrum extending from autoimmune exocrinopathy to the extraglandular (systemic) disease affecting the lungs, kidneys, blood vessels and muscles. SS can occur alone (primary) or in association with other autoimmune diseases (secondary) [24]. The trapping of leukocytes from the blood stream and their subsequent rolling along the activated endothelial cell lining of postcapilary venules are the earliest signs of inflammation. Rolling is an essential element of the multistep cascade leading to the leukocyte recruitment into sites of inflammation. It is mediated by the interactions between E-selectins on the surface of activated endothelial cells and their ligands, which are heavily glycosylated surface molecules of leukocytes e.g. CD15 molecule of granulocytes
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