Serum S100B is related to insulin resistance and zinc-α2-glycoprotein levels in patients with chronic schizophrenia

Abstract

BackgroundElevated serum levels of S100B may associate with insulin resistance and other metabolic complication in schizophrenia patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum S100B levels with cardiometabolic parameters, serum levels of zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG), and the severity of schizophrenia symptoms in schizophrenic patients. We recruited 42 patients with chronic schizophrenia. The participant's body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP) were measured. Serum levels of low and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c and HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, S100B, and ZAG levels were determined. The Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) was used to quantify insulin resistance (IR) and the severity of schizophrenia was measured using a positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) score.ResultsThe results showed that the mean serum S100B levels increased significantly with increasing HOMA-IR and ZAG levels (β = 0.595, 95% confidence interval (CI) (8.722 to 26.002), p < 0.001; and β = 0.334, 95% CI 0.067 to 0.525, p = 0.013 respectively). Patients under treatment with atypical antipsychotic medications (AAPM) had lower serum S100B levels (p = 0.035).ConclusionOur results suggest that alteration in glucose metabolism and ZAG secretion may increase serum S100B levels in patients with schizophrenia.