Serum Protein KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 as Potential Biomarkers for Yin-Deficiency-Heat Syndrome.

Changming Liu,Jicheng Li,Zhongliang Chen,Tingting Jiang,Liangen Mao,Chong Wang,Zhongjie Li,Zepeng Ping

doi:10.1155/2016/5176731

Changming Liu, Jicheng Li + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5176731

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Abstract

Yin-deficiency-heat (YDH) syndrome is a concept in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for describing subhealth status. However, there are few efficient diagnostic methods available for confirming YDH syndrome. To explore the novel method for diagnosing YDH syndrome, we applied iTRAQ to observe the serum protein profiles in YDH syndrome rats and confirmed protein levels by ELISA. A total of 92 differentially expressed proteins (63 upregulated proteins and 29 downregulated proteins), which were mainly involved in complement and coagulation cascades and glucose metabolism pathway, were identified by the proteomic experiments. Kininogen 1 (KNG1) was significantly increased (p < 0.0001), while apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3, p < 0.005) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1, p < 0.001) were significantly decreased in the serum of YDH syndrome rats. The combination of KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 constituted a diagnostic model with 100.0% sensitivity and 85.0% specificity. The results indicated that KNG1, APOC3, and PON1 may act as potential biomarkers for diagnosing YDH syndrome. KNG1 may regulate cytokines and chemokines release in YDH syndrome, and the low levels of PON1 and APOC3 may increase oxidative stress and lipolysis in YDH syndrome, respectively. Our work provides a novel method for YDH syndrome diagnosis and also provides valuable experimental basis to understand the molecular mechanism of YDH syndrome.

Highlights

Yin-deficiency-heat (YDH) syndrome, known as the pathological condition “internal heat due to Yin deficiency,” is a common subhealth status in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
The results indicated that Kininogen 1 (KNG1), APOC3, and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) were all included in the diagnostic model as follows: p e−0.4702+0.005951∗(KNG1)−0.008572∗(APOC3)−0.01412∗(PON1) + e−0.4702+0.005951∗(KNG1)−0.008572∗(APOC3)−0.01412∗(PON1)
We found that YDH syndrome is highly associated with the disturbance in immune response and metabolic processes

Summary

Introduction

Yin-deficiency-heat (YDH) syndrome, known as the pathological condition “internal heat due to Yin deficiency,” is a common subhealth status in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). YDH syndrome occurs frequently in individuals with Yin deficiency constitution, which is the fourth most common pathological constitution in general population [1]. YDH syndrome among individuals aged between 15 and 34 years has been shown to be more common than among other age groups [1]. As a subhealth status without any obvious manifestations, the diagnosis of YDH syndrome has always been a tough problem. The traditional clinical diagnosis of YDH syndrome is based on subjective observation, which depends heavily on the clinical experience or knowledge of practitioner in TCM. The current methods for the diagnosis of YDH syndrome are lack of scientific basis. Novel methods suitable for YDH syndrome diagnosis are urgently needed

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Conclusion