Serum prostate-specific antigen levels in men with prediabetes: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background. Previous studies demonstrated that men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) had significantly lower serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels than healthy men. However, the influence of prediabetes (preDM) on serum PSA levels is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between preDM and serum PSA levels. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted to determine the relationships between preDM and serum PSA levels. Data were obtained from men over 50 years of age who measured serum PSA levels in the physical examination center of Tianjin Union Medical Center from May to July 2014. Pearson's correlation analysis and multivariable linear regression analysis were utilized to calculate the correlations between PSA levels and various clinical and biochemical variables. Results. In age-matched analysis, the mean PSA values were significantly higher in the preDM group compared with the normoglycemia (NG) and T2DM groups (1.429 ng/mL vs. 1.086 ng/mL and 1.071 ng/mL; p < 0.05). In addition, multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that PSA was positively correlated with age, total cholesterol (TC) and preDM (p < 0.05). Negative correlation existed between PSA and T2DM (p < 0.05). Men with preDM had PSA values 31.6% higher than men without the condition (p < 0.05), whereas PSA levels were 17.5% lower in men with T2DM than in those without the condition (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Our results suggest preDM was an independent determinant of high PSA levels and support that men with T2DM had decreased PSA levels. Further larger studies are needed.