Serum Omentin-1 Levels in Obese Adolescents with Vitamin D Deficiency: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common in obese adolescents. It modulates the release of omentin 1 from adipose tissue. We believe that both vitamin D and omentin 1 affect each other in adipose tissue via inflammation. Objectives: This study aimed to examine serum omentin-1 levels in obese adolescents with vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency. Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective study, 83 obese adolescents were included. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, fasting glucose, and lipid profiles of obese adolescents were studied. At the same time, blood was drawn into a separate tube to study the omentin 1 level. Of the 83 obese cases, 45 with 25(OH)D concentrations below 20 ng/mL were considered as the study group, and 38 with 25(OH)D concentrations ≥ 20 ng/mL as the control group. Serum omentin-1 levels were evaluated and compared. Results: The average 25(OH)D value in the study and control groups was 17.14 ± 2.22 ng/mL and 45.29 ± 24.98 ng/mL, respectively. The average omentin-1 concentration of the control group was 262.5 ± 136.31 ng/mL, and the mean omentin-1 level of the study group was 113.23 ± 15.98 ng/mL. The mean omentin-1 concentrations of the study group were significantly lower compared to the control group (P = 0.0001). There was a significant and positive correlation between omentin-1 and 25(OH)D (r = 0.988, P = 0.0001). In univariate tests, linear regression analysis was carried out with 25(OH)D and omentin-1, and 25(OH)D displayed a significant positive correlation (P = 0.0001). The optimal cut-off point for the serum omentin-1 concentration was 135.01 ng/mL. No significant correlation was determined between omentin-1 and body mass index, lipid profile, glucose, and insulin variables (P > 0.05). Conclusions: We showed significantly low concentrations of serum omentin-1 in obese adolescents with vitamin D deficiency. Serum omentin-1 can be employed as a biomarker in obese adolescents with vitamin D deficiency.