Abstract
BackgroundEarly adverse experiences are associated with increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders, although little is known about the neurobiological mediators involved. The mechanisms by which early environmental influences may mediate vulnerability in the development of offspring await further investigation. The present study correlated the NGF, BDNF, IL-6 and cortisol levels of mothers with postpartum affective disorders (PPAD) with infant development.MethodsA longitudinal study was performed with 152 pregnant women and their infants. Between 60 and 120 days after delivery, women were interviewed and provided biological samples for biochemical analysis, and the infants were examined for neurobiological-motor development.ResultsOverall, the mothers' history of affective disorders, PPAD and anxiety disorder were associated with infant motor development. Using an adjusted linear regression analysis, PPAD (p = 0.049), maternal anxiety disorder (p = 0.043), NGF level (p = 0.034) and infant cortisol level (p = 0.013) were associated with infant motor development. Using a factorial analysis of primary components, two components were retained. The psychological factor was characterized by a positive loading of a history of affective disorder, PPAD and anxiety disorder. For the biological factor, infant cortisol adhered negatively with infant motor development, but NGF was positively associated. The psychological factor had a negative association, but the biological factor had a positive association with infant motor development.ConclusionsThere are few studies that have focused on the relationship of biomarkers and infant neurodevelopment. Our study points that psychological and biological factors are associated with infant motor development, however the causal relationship between these factors is still to be defined.
Highlights
Several studies have demonstrated the influence of the mother on infant neurobiological development [1]
Adverse experiences in humans are associated with increased risk for the development of psychiatric disorders, little is known of the neurobiological mediators of this effect [5,6]
postpartum affective disorders (PPAD) and anxiety disorder were associated with infant motor development (Table 1)
Summary
Several studies have demonstrated the influence of the mother on infant neurobiological development [1]. Adverse experiences in humans are associated with increased risk for the development of psychiatric disorders, little is known of the neurobiological mediators of this effect [5,6]. Neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which play a fundamental role in brain function and neuroprotection and are affected by stress, are good candidates for the transduction of the effects of adverse events to changes in brain function [7,8,9]. The present study correlated the NGF, BDNF, IL-6 and cortisol levels of mothers with postpartum affective disorders (PPAD) with infant development
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