Abstract
BackgroundDengue is a major health problem in tropical areas, including Taiwan. Dengue virus infection affects various types of cells and results in elevation of serum inflammatory molecules. Because these molecules may be associated with dengue virus infection, the aim of this study was to identify novel molecules in febrile patients with dengue infection. In addition, we determined whether these molecules were correlated with the count of leukocytes and platelets.MethodsFebrile adults (Age >18 years old) who presented to the emergency department and were confirmed dengue virus infection were enrolled in this study. Serum from dengue patients and healthy controls was collected and serum level of sepsis-associated inflammatory molecules was measured by Luminex assay.ResultsElevated level of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, sFasL, resistin and interferon-γ were detected in patients’ serum. Higher levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and resistin were detected in dengue patients with normal leukocyte count and all dengue patients, respectively. Furthermore, the serum level of NGAL, but not resistin, was correlated with cell count in dengue patients.ConclusionOur results revealed that resistin and NGAL are novel dengue-associated molecules. These results may help elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of anti-dengue immune responses.
Highlights
IntroductionDengue virus infection affects various types of cells and results in elevation of serum inflammatory molecules
Dengue is a major health problem in tropical areas, including Taiwan
Because dengue is a notifiable disease in Taiwan, serum should be collected from all patients with suspected dengue infection and sent to the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (CDC), where final confirmation of the diagnosis was made (The commercial DENV Ag NS1 Strip [Bio-Rad] was used)
Summary
Dengue virus infection affects various types of cells and results in elevation of serum inflammatory molecules. Because dengue virus infects various cell types, including peripheral leukocytes and endothelial cells [7], the levels of multiple cytokines and chemokines such as macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Liu et al BMC Infectious Diseases (2016) 16:441 increase at different time points during the disease course [8,9,10]. Dengue virus-infected patients have elevated levels of soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), which may regulate the activation and damage of endothelial cells [13]. Because some of the aforementioned molecules were common markers in both sepsis and dengue [19], we were interested in whether other sepsis-associated molecules were associated with dengue infection
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