Abstract
It has been suggested that oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media (COM), but the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COM has not yet been fully explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitric oxide (NO) in patients with COM. Sixty-one patients with COM and 30 controls were enrolled in the present study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (n = 21) or absence (n = 40) of cholesteatoma. Serum MPO activity and 4-HNE, MDA and NO levels were significantly higher in patients with COM than controls (for all, p < 0.001), while TAC levels were significantly lower (for all, p < 0.001). Serum MPO activity and MDA, 4-HNE and NO levels were significantly higher in patients with cholesteatoma than in those without cholesteatoma, while TAC levels were significantly lower; but the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Increased oxidative stress seems to be associated with decreased antioxidant levels in patients with COM. Thus, increased oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of COM. It is believed that the administration of antioxidant vitamins such as A, C and E may be useful in preventing and treating COM.
Highlights
Chronic otitis media (COM) is the inflammation of the mucosal linings of the airy spaces of the middle ear and the temporal bone, accompanied by perforation of the tympanic membrane with a duration of more than 3 months
Serum MPO activity and 4-HNE, MDA and nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly higher in patients with chronic otitis media (COM) than controls, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were significantly lower
Serum MPO activity and MDA, 4-HNE and NO levels were significantly higher in patients with cholesteatoma than in those without cholesteatoma, while TAC levels were significantly lower; but the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p [ 0.05)
Summary
Chronic otitis media (COM) is the inflammation of the mucosal linings of the airy spaces of the middle ear and the temporal bone, accompanied by perforation of the tympanic membrane with a duration of more than 3 months. Many factors have been held responsible for the tissue damage caused by this chronic process, the pathophysiology is still not clear. Many factors implicated in the pathophysiology of COM, such as osteoclastic activity, cytokines, chronic inflammation, endotoxins and products of lipid peroxidation, cause the production of free oxygen radicals (Semaan and Megerian 2006; Ursick and Fayad 2012). According to the current data, oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of various conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, ischemia/reperfusion, chronic adenotonsillitis and aging (Koc et al 2011; Sezer et al 2012). Investigations have demonstrated that oxidative stress is active in the pathophysiology of acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion and tympanosclerosis (Karlidag et al 2004; Yilmaz et al 2004a, b)
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