Abstract
A survey was under taken of six district of Northern India viz. Bareilly, Pilibhit, Udham Singh Nagar, Nainital, Almora and Rampur. The age, breed, sex and physiological status recorded. A total number of 854 cattle examined out of which lactating (274 cases), non lactating (302 cases) heifers (128 cases), calves (82 cases) and adult male (68 cases) were examined. An incidence of 4.92 percent (42) of microfilarisis was recorded. The highest prevalence was observed in Rudrapur District of Udham Singh Nagar (33.33%, 4/12), followed by Lalkaun in Nanital District (21.74%, 10/46), Rampur (12.50%, 2/16), Bareilly (8.16%, 8/98) and Pilibhit (1.22%, 1/82). No infection was observed in Almora region. Amongst 854 cattle of different group incidence was highest in adult male (12.20%, 10/82), followed by non lactating (3.82%, 12/314) and lactating (2.70%, 2/74), (7.64%, 12/157) was found in Heifers. For haemeto-biochemical, serum minerals estimations and therapeutic study 32 animals suffering from filariasis and 18 healthy animals were taken. 16 animals were treated with ivermectin @200 µg/kg body weight. Effect of this disease on production has also been estimated for which body weight and milk production was observed. The main clinical manifestations observed were anaemia, loss of appetite, debility, oedematous swelling especially in the abdominal region, increased heart rate, and respiration rate. Haematological changes indicated decrease in hemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, erthrocyte fragility and neutrophil, whereas there was significant increase in erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), total leukocyte count (TLC), lymphocyte and eosinophils. Biochemical changes showed significant reduction in the values of serum albumin, A : G ratio, where as there was significant increase in blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), globulin, total lipid, total cholesterol, phospholipids, serum bilirubin. Serum mineral profile also altered markedly, which indicate a significant decrease in Ca, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mn with increase value of Na and Cl. There was no significant change in P and K values. Enzyme pattern in micro filaria infected animal indicated increased level of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, ornithine carbamyl transferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, isocitric dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase. In blood gas values and acid/base balance, there was an increase in PVCo2 and PVo2. It has been observed that microfilaria infected cattle showed decrease in body weight and milk production. Animal treated with ivermectin showed the return of these above values toward normalcy. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 3 : 357-365)
Highlights
Over a considerable number of years, FAO has emphasized the magnitude of losses in livestock industry due to Filarasis
Serum total protein and alterations on hemato biochemical and serum mineral serum albumin were estimated as described by Wootton profiles in cattle naturally suffering from filariasis and its (1964) and Kaneko (1980), serum globulin were determined effect on the production capacity of the cattle
Efficacy of by the estimation of total protein and serum albumin, the the drug ivermectin has been observed and its effect on the value of latter was subtracted from the former to give the body weight and milk yield after successive period of concentration of the globulin, A:G ratio was determined by therapy has been studied
Summary
Over a considerable number of years, FAO has emphasized the magnitude of losses in livestock industry due to Filarasis. The disease is present in more than 100 countries of the world including India. In India this disease is confined to geographical areas, which are hot and humid. Serum total protein and alterations on hemato biochemical and serum mineral serum albumin were estimated as described by Wootton profiles in cattle naturally suffering from filariasis and its (1964) and Kaneko (1980), serum globulin were determined effect on the production capacity of the cattle. Efficacy of by the estimation of total protein and serum albumin, the the drug ivermectin has been observed and its effect on the value of latter was subtracted from the former to give the body weight and milk yield after successive period of concentration of the globulin, A:G ratio was determined by therapy has been studied.
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