Serum Metabolomics in PCOS Women with Different Body Mass Index.

Urszula Mantaj,Katarzyna Ożegowska,Szymon Plewa,Jan Matysiak,Leszek Pawelczyk

doi:10.3390/jcm10132811

Urszula Mantaj, Katarzyna Ożegowska + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132811

Copy DOI

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder, affecting 5–10% of women of reproductive age. It results from complex environmental factors, genetic predisposition, hyperinsulinemia, hormonal imbalance, neuroendocrine abnormalities, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune disorders. PCOS impacts menstrual regularities, fertility, and dermatological complications, and may induce metabolic disturbances, diabetes, and coronary heart disease. Comprehensive metabolic profiling of patients with PCOS may be a big step in understanding and treating the disease. The study aimed to search for potential differences in metabolites concentrations among women with PCOS according to different body mass index (BMI) in comparison to healthy controls. We used broad-spectrum targeted metabolomics to evaluate metabolites’ serum concentrations in PCOS patients and compared them with healthy controls. The measurements were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with the triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry technique, which has highly selective multiple reaction monitoring modes. The main differences were found in glycerophospholipid concentrations, with no specific tendency to up-or down-regulation. Insulin resistance and elevated body weight influence acylcarnitine C2 levels more than PCOS itself. Sphingomyelin (SM) C18:1 should be more intensively observed and examined in future studies and maybe serve as one of the PCOS biomarkers. No significant correlations were observed between anthropometric and hormonal parameters and metabolome results.

Highlights

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorders
In addition to those features, exclusion of other androgen excess causes (i.e., non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NC-CAH), Cushing’s syndrome, androgen-secreting tumors, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid diseases, drug-induced androgen excess, disorders) is essential for the diagnosis [8]. It affects 5–21% of women of reproductive age [1,9], depending on the different geographic regions, as well as the criteria used to diagnose the syndrome: 5% to 10% according to National Institutes of Health Criteria (NIH) 1990 criteria; 10% to 15% according to the AE-PCOS 2006 criteria, and 6% to 21% by ESHRE/ASRM 2003 criteria [10,11,12,13,14,15]
When we divided PCOS patients into groups according to body mass index (BMI) level and compared them with a control group, we notice significant differences in similar parameters (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorders. In 2006, the Androgen Excess Society (AES) reviewed existing data on phenotypic expression They concluded that there was conflicting evidence supporting the presence of such features as insulin resistance and metabolic disturbances in women with polycystic ovaries and ovulatory dysfunction, but without clinical or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism. The AES considered that androgen excess is a central feature in the development and pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome and proposed the definition that androgen excess should be present and accompanied by oligomenorrhea or PCOM or both of them In addition to those features, exclusion of other androgen excess causes (i.e., non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NC-CAH), Cushing’s syndrome, androgen-secreting tumors, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid diseases, drug-induced androgen excess, disorders) is essential for the diagnosis [8]. It affects 5–21% of women of reproductive age [1,9], depending on the different geographic regions, as well as the criteria used to diagnose the syndrome: 5% to 10% according to NIH 1990 criteria; 10% to 15% according to the AE-PCOS 2006 criteria, and 6% to 21% by ESHRE/ASRM 2003 criteria [10,11,12,13,14,15]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion