Serum Metabolomics Analysis for Biomarkers of Lactobacillus plantarum FRT4 in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Hongying Cai,Jiaxin Wang,Xin Xu,Xuan Li,Peilong Yang,Kun Meng,Zhiguo Wen

doi:10.3390/foods11020184

Abstract

Lactobacillus plantarum is considered a potential probiotic supplementation for treating obesity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Our previous study displayed that L. plantarum FRT4 alleviated obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) through ameliorating the HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. To explore the roles of FRT4 in obesity prevention, in this study, we investigated changes in serum metabolomic phenotype by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) and analyzed the pathway of HFD-fed Kunming female mice orally administered with FRT4 for eight weeks. Using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), metabolite patterns with significant changes were observed. 55 metabolites including phosphatidylcholine, lysophophatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, serotonin, indole-3-methyl aceta, indole-3-carbinol, indole-5,6-quino, 11,12-DHET, prostaglandin B2, leukotriene B4, and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid were identified as potential biomarkers associated with obesity, which were mainly involving in glycerophospholipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Perturbations of 14 biomarkers could be regulated by FRT4 intervention. These metabolites may serve as valuable biomarkers to understand the mechanisms by which intake of diets containing FRT4 contributes to the treatment or prevention of obesity. Thus, FRT4 can be a promising dietary supplement for the prevention of HFD-induced obesity.

Highlights

The availability of inexpensive, high-fat processed foods has contributed to the worldwide prevalence of obesity, which is one of the strongest risk factors for metabolic diseases, including type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular disease [1]
The results suggested that FRT4 could effectively prevent obesity via alleviating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, the mechanism of which could be partly revealed by liver metabolomics
The results of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-differential abundance (DA)) score plots suggested that FRT4 intervention partly recovered the serum changes caused by HFD

Summary

Introduction

The availability of inexpensive, high-fat processed foods has contributed to the worldwide prevalence of obesity, which is one of the strongest risk factors for metabolic diseases, including type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular disease [1]. Increasing studies have shown that probiotic treatment can ameliorate the disorders of host metabolism by regulating gut microbiota [3]. Numerous studies have shown that L. plantarum has a variety of functional properties that exert beneficial effects on obesity. The mechanism by which probiotics alleviated obesity is not fully understood, and few studies have reported that probiotics improve the metabolomics of obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD). Metabolomics is a quantitative measurement of small molecular metabolites in biological samples, which provides a new perspective for studying the effects of diets or drugs by measuring the changes in metabolite levels and modeling them mathematically [9,10]. The accumulation of evidence associated with metabolic alterations is of great significance in guiding dietary interventions for the treatment of obesity with probiotics

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