Abstract
Dyslipidemia is commonly associated with diabetes (T2DM). This has been demonstrated for the Caucasian population, but few data are available for Asian Indians. The paper aims to investigate serum lipids (separately or in combination) and their association with glucose intolerance status (T2DM and prediabetes) in a rural Bangladeshi population. A sample of 2293 adults (≥20 years) were included in a community based cross-sectional survey in 2009. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, blood glucose (fasting and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test) and fasting serum lipids (total cholesterol, T-Chol; triglycerides, Tg; low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C) were registered. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and regression analysis were performed. High Tg levels were seen in 26% to 64% of the participants, depending on glucose tolerance status. Low HDL-C levels were seen in all groups (>90%). Significant linear trends were observed for high T-Chol, high Tg and low HDL-C with increasing glucose intolerance (p for trend <0.001). T2DM was significantly associated with high T-Chol (Odds ratio (OR): 2.43, p < 0.001), high Tg (OR: 3.91, p < 0.001) and low HDL-C (OR: 2.17, p = 0.044). Prediabetes showed a significant association with high Tg (OR: 1.96, p < 0.001) and low HDL-C (OR: 2.93, p = 0.011). Participants with combined high Tg and low HDL-C levels had a 12.75-fold higher OR for T2DM and 4.89 OR for prediabetes. In Asian Indian populations an assessment of serum lipids is warranted not only for T2DM patients, but also for those with prediabetes.
Highlights
Diabetes (T2DM) and related cardiovascular complications are major public health challenges worldwide
The present paper aims to compare lipid levels and prevalences of lipid abnormalities by glucose tolerance status among subjects in rural Bangladesh and investigate how different serum lipid patterns are associated with prediabetes and T2DM
Adjusted means of FPG, 2hPG, fasting insulin, HOMA-insulin resistance (IR), total cholesterol (T-Chol), Tg, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels varied significantly between the different stages of glucose intolerance (Table 1)
Summary
Diabetes (T2DM) and related cardiovascular complications are major public health challenges worldwide. Individuals with T2DM have two- to four-fold increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), the leading cause of death among people with T2DM [1]. Dyslipidemia and hypertension are major modifiable risk factors for T2DM and related CAD, which account for more than 87% of disability in low- and middle-income countries [2,3]. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 1944; doi:10.3390/ijerph15091944 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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