Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to evaluate serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) levels in Chinese patients with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and to investigate the possible relationship between the occurrence and recurrence of idiopathic BPPV and low 25(OH) D levels. Methods: Between 1 January 2017 and 31 May, 2018, consecutively older patients (age, older than 50 years) with idiopathic BPPV were recruited in the present study. For each patient, 2:1 sex and age matched healthy people were assigned as the control group. The influence of 25(OH) D levels on BPPV and recurrent BPPV were performed by binary logistic regression analysis. Results: In the present study, 174 patients with BPPV and 348 controls were included. The serum levels of 25(OH) D in those patients were lower than in those controls (P<0.001). One hundred eight patients were found to have vitamin D deficiency; thus, the prevalence was 62.1%, which was higher than that in the controls (42.8%). The data showed that patients with recurrent BPPV (N = 31) had lower serum levels of 25(OH) D compared with those who were not (11.2 ng/ml [interquartile range, 7.2–20.8 ng/ml] vs 18.7 ng/ml [14.2–24.8 ng/ml]). The regression analyses demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was associated with BPPV and recurrent BPPV with an odds ratio of 2.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–4.32; P=0.006) and 5.16 (95% CI, 1.00–34.12; P=0.05). Conclusion: Decreased serum levels of 25(OH)D were associated with the occurrence and recurrence of BPPV in a Chinese population, independent of other baseline markers.
Highlights
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most commonly diagnosed type of vertigo and is characterized by short-duration vertigo, nausea, and/or positional nystagmus associated with changes in head position [1]
The influence of 25(OH) D levels on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and recurrent BPPV were performed by binary logistic regression analysis, which allows adjustment for possible confounding factors
The present study clarified that (1) serum levels of 25(OH) D were lower in BPPV than that in controls; (2) serum levels of 25(OH) D were lower in the recurrence of BPPV than in the de novo BPPV; (3) the regression analyses demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was associated with BPPV and recurrent BPPV with an odds ratios (OR) of 2.15 and 5.16, suggesting that low 25(OH) D may be a risk factor for BPPV and recurrent BPPV; (4) this correlation between vitamin D deficiency wand BPPV was stronger in women than in men; (5) serum levels of 25(OH) D were negative associated with intensity of BPPV
Summary
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most commonly diagnosed type of vertigo and is characterized by short-duration vertigo, nausea, and/or positional nystagmus associated with changes in head position [1] This condition presented as dizziness or vertigo of sudden onset that is provoked by certain changes in head position [2]. The present study aimed to evaluate serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) levels in Chinese patients with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and to investigate the possible relationship between the occurrence and recurrence of idiopathic BPPV and low 25(OH) D levels. The regression analyses demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was associated with BPPV and recurrent BPPV with an odds ratio of 2.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–4.32; P=0.006) and 5.16 (95% CI, 1.00–34.12; P=0.05). Conclusion: Decreased serum levels of 25(OH)D were associated with the occurrence and recurrence of BPPV in a Chinese population, independent of other baseline markers
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