Serum Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Fibrinogen, High Sensitivity C- Reactive Proteins in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus without Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension: A Case-Control Study.

Gopal Madan,Mangalore Balakrishna Prathima,Shridhar Reshma,Herijenahalli Nagaraju Krishnamurthy,Bhuvanesh Sukhlal Kalal,Kumar Jeppu Ashok,D'Sa Janice,Sushith Sushith

doi:10.29252/rbmb.9.2.241

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the levels of serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), fibrinogen (FIB) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with hypertension (HT) (DMT2HTN) and without HT (DMT2). Also, their association with certain biochemical and physical factors were studied to identify possible risk factors that lead to cardiovascular complications. Fasting blood samples were collected from 35 DMT2 or DMT2HTN patients each to analyze differences in serum and plasma levels of IMA, hs-CRP, FIB, total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL), triglyceride (TG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), glycated hemoglobin and creatinine. In DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients, IMA, hs-CRP, FIB, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, glycated hemoglobin and creatinine levels, including body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), were significantly higher relative to healthy controls. In addition, the levels of IMA, hs-CRP and FIB levels showed a strong link to BMI, WHR, TC, TG, LDL and glycated hemoglobin. Lastly, both DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients demonstrated a significant reduction in HDL. DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients have a greater risk of developing cardiovascular related complications. This study suggests that quantifying hs-CRP, IMA and FIB levels can help diagnose the risk of developing complications during the early stages of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Overall, the specific risk factors may be used for early identification of cardiovascular complications to decrease mortality and morbidity in T2DM patients.

Highlights

Diabetes is endemic worldwide and the rise in cases puts a significant economic burden on countries in Asia, Latin America, and Africa [1]
Compared with DMT2 and controls, there was a significant difference in fasting blood glucose levels, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in DMT2HTN patients (p< 0.001)
Throughout the study, levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and FIB levels were estimated in DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients and compared to healthy individuals

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes is endemic worldwide and the rise in cases puts a significant economic burden on countries in Asia, Latin America, and Africa [1]. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), fibrinogen (FIB) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with hypertension (HT) (DMT2HTN) and without HT (DMT2). Their association with certain biochemical and physical factors were studied to identify possible risk factors that lead to cardiovascular complications. The levels of IMA, hs-CRP and FIB levels showed a strong link to BMI, WHR, TC, TG, LDL and glycated hemoglobin Both DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients demonstrated a significant reduction in HDL. The specific risk factors may be used for early identification of cardiovascular complications to decrease mortality and morbidity in T2DM patients

Objectives

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Results

Conclusion